Collection of installation & troublshooting info related to my linux (debian/mint/ubuntu) installations

grub1
grub 0.97
grub - Primer

Grub2 Links und Doku

http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/grub-2.html
http://members.iinet.net/~herman546/p20/GRUB2%20How%20To%20Boot%20From%20CLI%20Mode.html

GRUB2

historisch gewachsene Notizen
Ubuntu 10.04 (und neuere Releases) mit Grub2

• http://members.iinet.net/~herman546/p20/GRUB2%20Bash%20Commands.html
• http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/grub_2

/etc/grub.d

z.B. (PLoP) ab USB booten (falls noch notwendig)
/etc/grub.d/40_custom

/etc/default/grub -> Timeout, Default parition

grub-mkconfig <-> update-grub (herkömmlicher Befehl für grub)

menuentry "Plop Bootmanager" {
	insmod ext2
	set root=(hd0,6)
	search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 9c4375f0-180b-403a-b6b7-aaeba949cda0 
	linux /boot/plpbt.bin
}

 sudo updategrub  (sucht System - auch USB-Disks - ab und generiert alle Einträge)
                   obiger Eintrag wird übernommen, und in grub.cfg geschrieben.      

GRUB2

Basics, und ältere Notizen

• https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2
• Juni 2010 - substantielle Verbesserungen im USB-Stack, kein Keymap (Carlos) support bis anhin

set pager=1 (Bättern mit Enter)
ctrl-x (boot)

usb_keyboard.mod
usb.mod
usbms.mod
usbtest.mod

how to build a grub2 floppy with fs adventure
Grub2 Debugging Howto
grub-emu (GRUB2 must be compiled with)

GRUB2

Toshiba protege m200 s4 - grub1 doesn t work.
grub2-Installation via Puppy-chroot-Lenny -> grub2

Microspot Hi-Speed Slim Drive FUJITSU MHV2080AH was not bootable with grub 0.97
Problems I had:

• Ubuntu 7.10 Grub 2 was not functional for me, Ubuntu 8.04 Grub2 was o.k.
• it's not so evident to install GRUB to an external disk or flash stick.
• it's not evident or possible to install within a chrooted 8.04 installation.
• usually grub 0.97 works for external drives / usb sticks
• [ ] Grub2 doesn's seem to start with some bIOSes

I installed grub2 to mbr to my MHV2080AH hard dive from a working 8.04 installation, with grub2.

install Grub2 in MBR of external drive and create /boot/grub/..

mount --bind /mnt/ext-drive/boot /boot # boot dir is external drive, and hide actual /boot
grub-install [--recheck] --root-directory=/mnt/ext_drive /dev/sdc]

 --recheck: upgrades devices.map

update-grub (installs to /boot)

changements to grub.cfg
correct the disk-nr (hdx,y) (hd0,9)
correct kernel address to /boot/....
check root=uuid= correct partiton? (sudo blkid)

Configfiles for grub2
/etc/defaults/grub
/etc/grub.d (entries)
=> update-grub (generates -> /boot/grub/grub.cfg

apt-get install grub2 usually makes an entry in menu.lst to chainload to grub2 bevor definitly installing in mbr.
grub 0.97 was deinstalled, but entries in menu.lst still functional.

The new grub2 command environment is rather comfortable. It's analogous to grub 1, but some commands have changed.
search /vmlinuz (should show *all* vmlinuz on all allocated devices, in grub1 find /vmlinuz)
with the device information, the boot menu can be changed easily.

older notes

To install:
(for foreign disk: mount --bind /boot  /dispath/boot 
all commands work with /boot
older versions of grub2 are not complete and may not work correctly  (grub2-emu missing in ubuntu 7.10)

  # hook grub into MBR
  $ grub-install "(hd0)"
  grub-install [--recheck] --root-directory=/mnt/ext_drive /dev/sda] 
  # generate grub.cfg
  $ update-grub  ( ev. mount --bind /mnt/ext_drive/boot  /boot )

If that fails, you can use the fine-grained commands explained in
http://grub.enbug.org/GettingStarted to try diagnosing the problem.

Additionally, you can use core.img to grab a GRUB2 floppy:

  $ dd if=/usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/boot.img of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1
  $ dd if=/boot/grub/core.img of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 seek=1

 -- Otavio Salvador <otavio@debian.org>, Wed,  7 Jun 2006 21:25:25 -0300

http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub-2.en.html
Verzeichnisstruktur und configs
http://grub.enbug.org/grub.cfg grub.cfg
http://wiki.debian.org/Grub/grub-probe.manpage grub-probe

trying to get grub2 running in ubuntu 7.10 / notes
/etc/
sudo apt-get --reinstall install grub-pc grub2
grub-install --grub-setup=/boot/grub/grub.cfg /dev/sda[x] (http://linux.die.net/man/8/grub-install)

grub-install
update-grub
grub-probe

grub-emu
andere Befehle in GRUB-Cmdline

z.B. wenn Grub und cmdline o.k. z.B. grub.cfg nicht gefunden 
http://members.iinet.net/~herman546/p20/GRUB2%20CLI%20Mode%20Commands.html  

set pager=1   /* more Funkion */
help  (zeigt Befehle)

ls     
 (hd0) (hd0,0) (hd0,1)  (hd0) (hd0,0) (hd0,1)

ls (hd0,1)
 Partition hd0,1: Filesystem type ext2, Label OCZ-KARMIC, Last modification time 2009-12-28 07:59:36 Monday, 
 UUID  2ee1e3a3-f03a-4690-8310-7c3236786563
 Information über Partition

ls -lh (hd0,1)/

search /grub.cfg  (ging bei meinem Test nicht)

configfile (hd0,1)/boot/grub/blabla/grub.cfg    

Win booten:
set root=(hd0,2)  ( z.B. Vista 2. Partition NTFS)
chainloader +1
boot    (-> frage: sollte das **immer** funkionieren, wenn grub cmdline vorhanden?)


'''andere Befehle:'''
lsmod


#start plop boot manager aus cmdline 
set root=(hd0,5)  #z.B. 1. extended Partiton
linux /boot/plop/plpbt.bin   # Tab-file-Extention funkinonert  ev. linux16
boot
# ev. Shit Enter USB  - force usb1 

grub rescue 
grub Module können von der cmdline geladen werden, z.B. wenn die Bezüge zur Disk-Partition nicht mehr stimmen. (Meist ist es einfacher Grub neu zu installieren). 

"find"-> search /vmlinzz
"geometry" ->
(hd0,5) Partitions start from 1 now
hexdump -n 10 (hd0,1)/boot/vmlinuz-<version>
search --fs-uuid --set <UUID>

kboot

http://kboot.sourceforge.net/#links